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5 Forces and Constraints

 

We have derived the Lagrangian equations of motion for D-NURBS. When working with D-NURBS, a modeler may impose design requirements in terms of energies, forces, and constraints. For instance, the modeler may apply time-varying forces to sculpt shapes interactively or to optimally approximate data. Certain aesthetic constraints such as ``fairness'' are expressible in terms of elastic energies that give rise to specific stiffness matrices tex2html_wrap_inline2053 . By building the physics-based D-NURBS generalization upon the standard NURBS geometry, we allow the modeler to continue to use the whole spectrum of advanced geometric design tools that have become prevalent, among them, the imposition of geometric constraints that the final shape must satisfy. For example, if the shapes of certain cross-sectional curves in a NURBS surface must be circular arcs, the control points associated with these curves must be constrained geometrically to admit only circular arcs. Other constraints include the specification of positions of surface points, the specification of surface normals at surface points, and continuity requirements between adjacent surface patches or curve arcs.





Demetri Terzopoulos | Source Reference